OUTLINE HOW AND WHAT TYPES OF RESEARCH METHODS ARE IMPORTANT TO Essay

OUTLINE HOW AND WHAT TYPES OF RESEARCH METHODS ARE IMPORTANT TO CRIMINOLOGY - Essay Example In criminology, most research methods are quantitative, that is methods that record social life variation in attributes or numbers. Qualitative methods focus on the interpretation of observation therefore subject to bias. Quantitative methods include observation, surveys and interviews. This paper aims to discuss research methods in criminological research, their merits and demerits. This is research conducted in a way that a subject’s behavior is monitored without any influence. This can be done by studying criminals in confined places and in the field. Field researchers usually get an in-depth view of the subject matter and reach an unusually comprehensive information. There are many disadvantages in regard to this method. First, most criminal activities will be inaccurately measured since some will go unnoticed or reported by other people. Secondly, observing criminals by pretending to be part of their world is highly dangerous and may not work in most situations. This method is highly involving and time consuming, demanding a lot of time from the researcher. The observer also faces dual dangers of over identification with the group under study often testing the limits of the researcher’s commitment to objectivity (Hagan, 2011). Participant observation method is ideal since a lot of detail is availed to the researcher and is less influenced by prejudgments. This method is highly flexible and less unnatural because it enables the researcher to observe subjects in their natural environment. However, the measurements made by a researcher can be inferred differently by another researcher (McBurney and White, 2011) Surveys can be used as a measurement of crime where people are asked about their attitudes, beliefs, values and characteristics and experiences with crime. This can be done by sampling, where a number of subjects who are

The state of the real estate market in UK Essay - 1

The state of the real estate market in UK - Essay Example From the research it is clear that real estate encompasses land and its additional features that increase its value. In United Kingdom (UK), the term real estate is dissimilar with different names. UK uses the word real property to denote real estate, which describes the land and its fixtures such as buildings and resources like minerals, water and harvests. While real estate market is the periodic change in upsurge of output alternating with the decline within a given time. In 1980s to 1990s, house prices appreciated by 300% while those of raw land raised by 1000% leading to recession. As from 1970, the average total price of the house for the first time buyers has increased for approximately 3, 100% at the same time, income average of the purchasers increasing by 1,900%. London records the lowest price of real estate to the initial buyer followed by South West. The alterations that happened in UK from 1980 to 2010 indicates how the country perceived an extraordinary increase in hou sing demand leading to increase in house prices. In 2010, house prices had raised threefold in 15 different cities and twice in 62 cities as compared to the house prices in 2005. The cities, which recorded the highest rise in the house prices, were Southern England, Salford and Newcastle while Scottish was among the countries, which recorded the least increases in prices of the house. Compared to other markets, the real estate market follows the fiscal principle of â€Å"supply and demand†. ... In 2010, the UK average number of real estate on the surveyor’s book raised by 4.1% from June raising the total average to 69.1, which was a drop of 0.1%. This led to the stock ratio sales dropping to 24%, which recorded the lowest level ever since June 2009. 1% more surveyors in the real estate recorded a rise surpassing a fall in total transactions which was a drop of 3% in the June 2009 transaction (Dijkman 2010, p.53). The total real estate supply raised and agents’ recorded a total average of 68% properties in contrary to the 59 of June 2009. The first time buyer (FTBs) percentages of total sales improved from 21% witnessed in June 2009 to 26% making the threshold of Stamp Duty Land Tax to rise to 250, 000 pounds (Jin, Yui & Zhixiong 2010, p. 527). In July 2010, both demand and supply for the real estates increased which was good news for housing market. According to the brokers in real estate, the total number of houses plus apartments in London traded for over 5 million pounds increased from 31% to 262%. On contrary, source of houses plus apartments for the sale above 5 million dollars significantly decreased leading to the raise of demand as inventory dropped. According to international luxury market, the prices of real estates in London were rising due to scarcity of property (Mun 2012, p. 676). This led to the real estate sellers in UK to accept the new trends in realities involved in luxury housing thus accepting on residence not commanding the real estate prices (Jinjarak & Sheffrin 2011, p. 246). During that period, general market activities and hopefulness increased leading to the drop in inventory while an increase in demand, which steered to inadequacy in classy housing inventory. In that